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单链表操作

  • 单链表的创建(尾插法、头插法)
  • 单链表的查找操作
  • 单链表的删除操作
  • 单链表的逆置操作(使用头插法)
  • 单链表表长的计算
  • 打印单链表

单链表的创建

头插法

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forward_list* creat_3()    //头插法
{
forward_list *head,*s;
int num;
head = NULL;//链表初始状态为空
while(scanf("%d",&num) && num)
{
s = (forward_list*)malloc(sizeof(forward_list));
s->data = num;

s->next = head;

head = s;//将新结点插入到表头
}
return head;
}

尾插法(不含头结点)

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//尾插法建表
forward_list* creat_1()
{
forward_list *head=NULL;//头指针,初始状态为空
forward_list *rear=NULL;//尾指针,初始状态为空
int num;
forward_list *s;
while(scanf("%d",&num) == 1 && num)//输入0结束
{
s = (forward_list*)malloc(sizeof(forward_list));

s->data = num;
if(head == NULL)//将新节点加入空表
head = s;
else //原表非空,将新节点链接到表尾之后
rear->next = s;
rear = s;//尾指针指向新的表尾
}
if(rear!= NULL)//对于非空表,将尾结点的下一个结点置空
rear->next = NULL;

return head;
}

尾插法(含头结点)

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//尾插法建表,包含头结点
forward_list* creat_2()
{
forward_list *s;
forward_list *head, *rear;
int num;

head = (forward_list*)malloc(sizeof(forward_list));
rear = head;

while(scanf("%d",&num)==1 && num)
{
s = (forward_list*)malloc(sizeof(forward_list));

s->data = num;
rear->next = s;
rear = s;//表指针指向新的表尾
}
rear->next = NULL;

return head;
}

单链表的查找操作

按值查找

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void search_1(forward_list *s, int x)
{
forward_list *p;
p = s;
while(p != NULL)
{
if(p->data == x)
{
printf("\nthe value : %d is exist !\n",x);
return ;
}
p = p->next;
}
printf("\nthe value : %d is not fonud !\n",x);
}

按值查找(包含头结点)

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void search_2(forward_list *s, int x)//带头节点
{
forward_list *p;
p = s->next;//emmmm
while(p != NULL)
{
if(p->data == x)
{
printf("\nthe value : %d is exist !\n",x);
return ;
}
p = p->next;
}
printf("\nthe value : %d is not fonud !\n",x);
}

单链表的删除操作

按给定结点的位置删除(带头结点)

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void delete_1(forward_list *head,int i)        //删除第i个节点(单链表包含头节点)
{
int j=0;
forward_list *p,*q;
p=head;
j=0;
while((p->next!=NULL)&&(j<i-1))
{
p=p->next;
j++;
}
if(p->next!=NULL)
{
q=p->next;
p->next=p->next->next;
free(q);
}
else
printf("illegal delete position,delete failed!");
}

按照指定值删除结点(不带头结点)

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void forward_list_delete_1(forward_list *s,int x)//删除链表(不带头节点)中指定值的元素
{
forward_list *p;
forward_list *temp;//用来存放被删除元素的前一个结点
p = s;
if(x == p->data)
free(p);

temp = p;
p = p->next;
while(p != NULL)
{
if(p->data == x)
{
temp->next = p->next;
free(p);
return ;
}
temp = p;
p = p->next;
}
printf("\n你要删除的元素 %d 不在表中\n",x);
return ;
}

单链表的逆置

头插法逆置(带头结点)

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void reverse_2(forward_list *head)//头插法逆置,带头节点
{
forward_list *p,*q;
p=head->next;
head->next=NULL;
while(p)
{
q=p;
p=p->next;
q->next=head->next;
head->next=q;
}
}

计算单链表的表长

*** 带头结点 ***

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void list_length_2(forward_list *s)
{
int count;
forward_list *p=s->next;
while(p)
{
count++;
p = p->next;
}
printf("\nlist length: %d\n",count);
}

*** 不带头结点 ***

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void list_length_1(forward_list *s)
{
int count;
forward_list *p=s;
while(p)
{
count++;
p = p->next;
}
printf("\nlist length: %d\n",count);
}

打印单链表

*** 带头结点 ***

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void print_forward_list_2(forward_list *s)//打印含头节点的单链表
{
forward_list *p;
p = s->next;//因为含有头节点,head->data的数据域的数据未知
while(p != NULL)
{
printf("%-3d",p->data);
p = p->next;
}
return ;
}

*** 不带头结点 ***

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void print_forward_list_1(forward_list *s)//打印单链表
{
forward_list *p;
p = s;
while(p != NULL)
{
printf("%4d",p->data);
p = p->next;
}
return ;
}

试试

源程序

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#include<stdio.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

//定义单链表结点类型
typedef struct node{
int data; //结点数据域
struct node *next; //结点指针域

}forward_list;

//尾插法建表
forward_list* creat_1()
{
forward_list *head=NULL;//头指针,初始状态为空
forward_list *rear=NULL;//尾指针,初始状态为空
int num;
forward_list *s;
while(scanf("%d",&num) == 1 && num)//输入0结束
{
s = (forward_list*)malloc(sizeof(forward_list));

s->data = num;
if(head == NULL)//将新节点加入空表
head = s;
else //原表非空,将新节点链接到表尾之后
rear->next = s;
rear = s;//尾指针指向新的表尾
}
if(rear!= NULL)//对于非空表,将尾结点的下一个结点置空
rear->next = NULL;

return head;
}

//尾插法建表,包含头结点
forward_list* creat_2()
{
forward_list *s;
forward_list *head, *rear;
int num;

head = (forward_list*)malloc(sizeof(forward_list));
rear = head;

while(scanf("%d",&num)==1 && num)
{
s = (forward_list*)malloc(sizeof(forward_list));

s->data = num;
rear->next = s;
rear = s;//表指针指向新的表尾
}
rear->next = NULL;

return head;
}

forward_list* creat_3() //头插法
{
forward_list *head,*s;
int num;
head = NULL;//链表初始状态为空
while(scanf("%d",&num) && num)
{
s = (forward_list*)malloc(sizeof(forward_list));
s->data = num;

s->next = head;

head = s;//将新结点插入到表头
}
return head;
}

void search_1(forward_list *s, int x)
{
forward_list *p;
p = s;
while(p != NULL)
{
if(p->data == x)
{
printf("\nthe value : %d is exist !\n",x);
return ;
}
p = p->next;
}
printf("\nthe value : %d is not fonud !\n",x);
}

void search_2(forward_list *s, int x)//带头节点
{
forward_list *p;
p = s->next;//emmmm
while(p != NULL)
{
if(p->data == x)
{
printf("\nthe value : %d is exist !\n",x);
return ;
}
p = p->next;
}
printf("\nthe value : %d is not fonud !\n",x);
}

void reverse_1(forward_list *head)//头插法逆置单链表
{
forward_list *p;
forward_list *temp;

p = head;//存好之前的单链表
//printf("\n%d\n",p->data);
head->next = NULL;
while(p)
{
temp = p;
//printf("1");
p = p->next;
temp->next = head->next;
head = temp;
printf("\n%d\n",head->data);
}
}

void reverse_2(forward_list *head)//头插法逆置,带头节点
{
forward_list *p,*q;
p=head->next;
head->next=NULL;
while(p)
{
q=p;
p=p->next;
q->next=head->next;
head->next=q;
}
}


void forward_list_delete_1(forward_list *s,int x)//删除链表(不带头节点)中指定值的元素
{
forward_list *p;
forward_list *temp;//用来存放被删除元素的前一个结点
p = s;
if(x == p->data)
free(p);

temp = p;
p = p->next;
while(p != NULL)
{
if(p->data == x)
{
temp->next = p->next;
free(p);
return ;
}
temp = p;
p = p->next;
}
printf("\n你要删除的元素 %d 不在表中\n",x);
return ;
}

void delete_1(forward_list *head,int i) //删除第i个节点(单链表包含头节点)
{
int j=0;
forward_list *p,*q;
p=head;
j=0;
while((p->next!=NULL)&&(j<i-1))
{
p=p->next;
j++;
}
if(p->next!=NULL)
{
q=p->next;
p->next=p->next->next;
free(q);
}
else
printf("illegal delete position,delete failed!");
}




/*//不对
void list_delete(forward_list *s, int i)//删除单链表(不带头节点)的第i个结点
{
int count=1;
forward_list *p,*q;
p=s;

//将p移动到被删除结点的前一个结点

while((p!=NULL)&&(count<i-1))
{

p=p->next;
count++;
}

if(i == count)
{
q = p;
p = p->next;
free(q);
return ;
}
if(p->next!=NULL)
{
q=p->next;
p->next=p->next->next;
free(q);
}
else
printf("illegal delete position,delete failed!");

}
*/
void list_length_1(forward_list *s)
{
int count;
forward_list *p=s;
while(p)
{
count++;
p = p->next;
}
printf("\nlist length: %d\n",count);
}

void list_length_2(forward_list *s)
{
int count;
forward_list *p=s->next;
while(p)
{
count++;
p = p->next;
}
printf("\nlist length: %d\n",count);
}

void print_forward_list_1(forward_list *s)//打印单链表
{
forward_list *p;
p = s;
while(p != NULL)
{
printf("%4d",p->data);
p = p->next;
}
return ;
}

void print_forward_list_2(forward_list *s)//打印含头节点的单链表
{
forward_list *p;
p = s->next;//因为含有头节点,head->data的数据域的数据未知
while(p != NULL)
{
printf("%-3d",p->data);
p = p->next;
}
return ;
}

int main()
{
/*不带头结点的单链表*/
printf("使用不带头结点的单链表:\n");
forward_list *p;
printf("尾插法建表:\n");
p = creat_1();//尾插法建表
print_forward_list_1(p);
list_length_1(p);

//查找是否存在值为6的结点
search_1(p,6);
printf("\n删了个5后,表变为\n");
forward_list_delete_1(p,5);
print_forward_list_1(p);

//头插法建表
forward_list *s;
printf("\n头插法建表:\n");
s = creat_3();
print_forward_list_1(s);
list_length_1(s);

/*带头结点的单链表*/
printf("\n\n使用带头结点的单链表:\n");
forward_list *t;
t = creat_2();
print_forward_list_2(t);

search_2(t,6);
list_length_2(t);
printf("\n逆置:\n");
reverse_2(t);
print_forward_list_2(t);
list_length_2(t);

return 0;
}

运行结果

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